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                    step2：一元操作
            
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                    step3：加减乘除模
            
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                                <h2 id="&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x751F;&#x6210;">&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x751F;&#x6210;</h2>
<p>&#x5168;&#x5C40;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x4FDD;&#x5B58;&#x5728;&#x5185;&#x5B58;&#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x67D0;&#x4E2A;&#x5730;&#x65B9;&#x3002;&#x5B83;&#x4EEC;&#x4E0D;&#x80FD;&#x88AB;&#x4FDD;&#x5B58;&#x5728;&#x6808;&#x4E0A;&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;&#x6808;&#x53EF;&#x8BA4;&#x4E3A;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x7684;&#x79C1;&#x6709;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#xFF0C;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x4E0D;&#x80FD;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x3002;&#x56E0;&#x6B64;&#x5B83;&#x4EEC;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x88AB;&#x4FDD;&#x5B58;&#x5728;&#x4E00;&#x5757;&#x516C;&#x5171;&#x7684;&#x5185;&#x5B58;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x5373;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x6BB5;&#xFF08;data section&#xFF09;&#x3002;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x77E5;&#x9053;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x5728;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x65F6;&#x6709;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x81EA;&#x5DF1;&#x7684;&#x5730;&#x5740;&#x7A7A;&#x95F4;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x88AB;&#x5212;&#x5206;&#x4E3A;&#x4E86;&#x591A;&#x6BB5;&#x5185;&#x5B58;&#x533A;&#x57DF;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x7684;&#x6BB5;&#x6709;&#x7740;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x7684;&#x8BFB;&#x3001;&#x5199;&#x3001;&#x53EF;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x6743;&#x9650;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0B;&#x56FE;&#x7ED9;&#x51FA;&#x4E86;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x5185;&#x5B58;&#x6BB5;&#x7684;&#x5E03;&#x5C40;&#xFF1A;</p>
<p><img src="pics/program_memory_layout.png" alt="&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x5185;&#x5B58;&#x5E03;&#x5C40;&#x56FE;"></p>
<p>&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x4E00;&#x76F4;&#x5728;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x7684; RISC-V &#x6307;&#x4EE4;&#x90FD;&#x5728;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x6BB5;&#xFF08;text section&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;&#x5177;&#x6709;&#x53EF;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x6743;&#x9650;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x4E14;&#x662F;&#x53EA;&#x8BFB;&#x7684;&#xFF1B;&#x800C;&#x5168;&#x5C40;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x5219;&#x5728;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x6BB5;&#xFF08;data section&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;&#x4E00;&#x822C;&#x5177;&#x6709;&#x53EF;&#x8BFB;&#x5199;&#x6743;&#x9650;&#xFF0C;&#x800C;&#x65E0;&#x53EF;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x6743;&#x9650;&#x3002;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x53EF;&#x5C06;&#x5176;&#x8FDB;&#x4E00;&#x6B65;&#x7EC6;&#x5206;&#x4E3A;&#x521D;&#x59CB;&#x5316;&#x3001;&#x672A;&#x521D;&#x59CB;&#x5316;&#x3001;&#x4EE5;&#x53CA;&#x53EA;&#x8BFB;&#x7684;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x6BB5;&#xFF0C;&#x5176;&#x4E2D;&#x672A;&#x521D;&#x59CB;&#x5316;&#x7684;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x6BB5;&#x901A;&#x5E38;&#x79F0;&#x4E3A; BSS&#xFF0C;&#x4F1A;&#x5728;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x52A0;&#x8F7D;&#x65F6;&#x88AB;&#x521D;&#x59CB;&#x5316;&#x4E3A; 0&#xFF1B;&#x53EA;&#x8BFB;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x6BB5;&#xFF08;rodata&#xFF09;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x4FDD;&#x5B58;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x4E2D;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x7684;&#x5E38;&#x91CF;&#xFF0C;&#x5728;&#x672C;&#x5B9E;&#x9A8C;&#x4E2D;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x7528;&#x5230;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5728;&#x7F16;&#x5199;&#x81EA;&#x5DF1;&#x7684;&#x6C47;&#x7F16;&#x7801;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x5668;&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5148;&#x6765;&#x770B;&#x770B; GCC &#x662F;&#x5982;&#x4F55;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x5168;&#x5C40;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x7684;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x7684;&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-c"><span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> N = <span class="hljs-number">2333</span>;
<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> <span class="hljs-title">main</span><span class="hljs-params">()</span> </span>{
    <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> N;
}
</code></pre>
<p>&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0B;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x51FA;&#x6C47;&#x7F16;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-bash">$ riscv64-unknown-elf-gcc test.c -O3 -S -o test.S
$ cat test.S
    .file   <span class="hljs-string">&quot;test.c&quot;</span>
    .option nopic
    .text
    .section    .text.startup,<span class="hljs-string">&quot;ax&quot;</span>,@progbits
    .align  1
    .globl  main
    .type   main, @<span class="hljs-keyword">function</span>
main:
    lui a5,%hi(N)
    lw  a0,%lo(N)(a5)
    ret
    .size   main, .-main
    .globl  N
    .section    .sdata,<span class="hljs-string">&quot;aw&quot;</span>
    .align  2
    .type   N, @object
    .size   N, 4
N:
    .word   2333
    .ident  <span class="hljs-string">&quot;GCC: (SiFive GCC 8.2.0-2019.05.3) 8.2.0&quot;</span>
</code></pre>
<h3 id="&#x5168;&#x5C40;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;">&#x5168;&#x5C40;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;</h3>
<p>&#x4ECE;&#x4E0A;&#x8FF0;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x5F88;&#x5BB9;&#x6613;&#x627E;&#x5230;&#x5168;&#x5C40;&#x53D8;&#x91CF; <code>N</code> &#x7684;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x90E8;&#x5206;&#xFF0C;&#x53BB;&#x6389;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;&#x65E0;&#x5173;&#x5185;&#x5BB9;&#x5E76;&#x7B80;&#x5316;&#x540E;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-asm">    .data           # &#x5373; .section .sdata,&quot;aw&quot;&#xFF0C;&#x8868;&#x793A;&#x63A5;&#x4E0B;&#x6765;&#x662F;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x6BB5;&#xFF0C;&#x5185;&#x5BB9;&#x53EF;&#x5199;
    .globl  N       # &#x8BA9;&#x7B26;&#x53F7; N &#x5BF9;&#x94FE;&#x63A5;&#x5668;&#x53EF;&#x89C1;
    .align  2       # &#x63A5;&#x4E0B;&#x6765;&#x7684;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x9700;&#x8981; 4 &#x5B57;&#x8282;&#x5BF9;&#x9F50;
N:
    .word   2333    # &#x5728;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x6BB5;&#x5206;&#x914D;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5B57;&#xFF08;4 &#x5B57;&#x8282;&#xFF09;&#x5927;&#x5C0F;&#x7684;&#x6574;&#x6570;&#xFF0C;&#x503C;&#x4E3A; 2333
</code></pre>
<p>&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x6709;&#x51E0;&#x4EF6;&#x4E8B;&#x8981;&#x6CE8;&#x610F;&#xFF1A;</p>
<ul>
<li><code>.data</code> &#x6307;&#x793A;&#x7B26;&#x544A;&#x8BC9;&#x6C47;&#x7F16;&#x5668;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5728;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x6BB5;&#x3002;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x8FD8;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A; <code>.text</code> &#x6307;&#x793A;&#x7B26;&#x6765;&#x544A;&#x8BC9;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x4F55;&#x65F6;&#x5207;&#x6362;&#x56DE;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x6BB5;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#x50CF; <code>N</code> &#x8FD9;&#x6837;&#x7684;&#x6807;&#x7B7E;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x6807;&#x6CE8;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5185;&#x5B58;&#x5730;&#x5740;&#x3002;&#x6C47;&#x7F16;&#x5668;&#x548C;&#x94FE;&#x63A5;&#x5668;&#x5E76;&#x4E0D;&#x5173;&#x5FC3;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x5730;&#x5740;&#x662F;&#x6307;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x6BB5;&#x7684;&#x6307;&#x4EE4;&#x8FD8;&#x662F;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x6BB5;&#x7684;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#xFF0C;&#x5B83;&#x4EEC;&#x4F1A;&#x4EE5;&#x540C;&#x6837;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x5B83;&#x3002;</li>
<li><code>.align n</code> &#x7684;&#x610F;&#x601D;&#x662F;&#x201C;&#x4E0B;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x4E1C;&#x897F;&#x7684;&#x8D77;&#x59CB;&#x5730;&#x5740;&#x5E94;&#x4E3A; <span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math><semantics><mrow><msup><mn>2</mn><mi>n</mi></msup></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">2^n</annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="strut" style="height:0.664392em;"></span><span class="strut bottom" style="height:0.664392em;vertical-align:0em;"></span><span class="base textstyle uncramped"><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathrm">2</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist"><span style="top:-0.363em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="fontsize-ensurer reset-size5 size5"><span style="font-size:0em;">&#x200B;</span></span><span class="reset-textstyle scriptstyle uncramped mtight"><span class="mord mathit mtight">n</span></span></span><span class="baseline-fix"><span class="fontsize-ensurer reset-size5 size5"><span style="font-size:0em;">&#x200B;</span></span>&#x200B;</span></span></span></span></span></span></span> &#x5B57;&#x8282;&#x7684;&#x500D;&#x6570;&#x201D;&#x3002;</li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p>&#x6709;&#x5173; RISC-V &#x6C47;&#x7F16;&#x6307;&#x793A;&#x7B26;&#xFF08;directives&#xFF09;&#x7684;&#x66F4;&#x591A;&#x5185;&#x5BB9; &#xFF0C;&#x8BE6;&#x89C1; <a href="https://github.com/decaf-lang/minidecaf/blob/master/doc/riscv-assembly-directives.md" target="_blank">https://github.com/decaf-lang/minidecaf/blob/master/doc/riscv-assembly-directives.md</a></p>
</blockquote>
<p>&#x5728;&#x5177;&#x4F53;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x6BCF;&#x9047;&#x5230;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5168;&#x5C40;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#xFF0C;&#x5C31;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x7C7B;&#x4F3C;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0A;&#x7684;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x3002;&#x5BF9;&#x4E8E;&#x672A;&#x521D;&#x59CB;&#x5316;&#x7684;&#x5168;&#x5C40;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#xFF0C;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#x8D77;&#x89C1;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x65E0;&#x9700;&#x8003;&#x8651; BSS &#x6BB5;&#xFF0C;&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x5C06;&#x5176;&#x521D;&#x59CB;&#x5316;&#x4E3A; 0 &#x5373;&#x53EF;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5BF9;&#x4E8E;&#x5168;&#x5C40;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x7684;&#x521D;&#x503C;&#xFF0C;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x5728;&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x65F6;&#x5C31;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x786E;&#x5B9A;&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x6B64;&#x5176;&#x521D;&#x59CB;&#x5316;&#x5668;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5E38;&#x91CF;&#x8868;&#x8FBE;&#x5F0F;&#x3002;&#x4E3A;&#x4E86;&#x65B9;&#x4FBF;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x7684;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;&#x96C6;&#x53EA;&#x5305;&#x542B;&#x8BE5;&#x5E38;&#x91CF;&#x8868;&#x8FBE;&#x5F0F;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x6574;&#x6570;&#x7684;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;&#xFF0C;&#x4F60;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x65E0;&#x9700;&#x8BA1;&#x7B97;&#x8868;&#x8FBE;&#x5F0F;&#x3002;</p>
<h3 id="&#x5168;&#x5C40;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x5F15;&#x7528;">&#x5168;&#x5C40;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x5F15;&#x7528;</h3>
<p>&#x4ECE; GCC &#x7684;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#x4E2D;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x4E5F;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5F97;&#x5230;&#x5F15;&#x7528;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5168;&#x5C40;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-asm">lui a5,%hi(N)       # &#x5C06; N &#x5730;&#x5740;&#x7684;&#x9AD8; 20 &#x4F4D;&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x7ACB;&#x5373;&#x6570;&#x52A0;&#x8F7D;&#x5230; a5&#xFF0C;&#x4F4E; 12 &#x4F4D;&#x8BBE;&#x4E3A; 0
lw  a0,%lo(N)(a5)   # &#x4ECE;&#x5185;&#x5B58;&#x4E2D;&#x8BFB;&#x51FA;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x4FDD;&#x5B58;&#x5230; a0&#xFF0C;&#x5185;&#x5B58;&#x5730;&#x5740;&#x4E3A; a5 &#x52A0;&#x4E0A; N &#x5730;&#x5740;&#x7684;&#x4F4E; 12 &#x4F4D;
</code></pre>
<p>&#x6CE8;&#x610F;&#x5230;&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x7528;&#x4E86;&#x4E24;&#x6761;&#x6307;&#x4EE4;&#xFF0C;&#x800C;&#x4E0D;&#x662F;&#x7C7B;&#x4F3C; <code>lw a0, 0(N)</code> &#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x6761;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x662F;&#x56E0;&#x4E3A; <code>N</code> &#x5728;&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x662F;&#x4E2A;&#x6807;&#x7B7E;&#xFF0C;&#x5176;&#x5B9E;&#x9645;&#x503C;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A; 32 &#x4F4D;&#x7684;&#x5730;&#x5740;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x8D85;&#x8FC7;&#x4E86;&#x4E00;&#x6761;&#x957F;&#x5EA6;&#x4E3A; 4 &#x5B57;&#x8282;&#x7684;&#x6307;&#x4EE4;&#x7684;&#x8868;&#x793A;&#x80FD;&#x529B;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5BF9;&#x4E8E;&#x7ED9;&#x5168;&#x5C40;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x8D4B;&#x503C;&#x7684;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;&#x4E5F;&#x7C7B;&#x4F3C;&#xFF0C;&#x53EA;&#x4E0D;&#x8FC7;&#x662F;&#x628A; <code>lw</code> &#x6362;&#x6210;&#x4E86; <code>sw</code>&#x3002;</p>

                                
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